Winston Churchill: "Action This Day" stickers and autocratic management.
John F. Kennedy: Collegial management and pragmatism.
Dwight Eisenhower: Formal hierarchy with hidden channels to gain unfiltered information.
Mahatma Gandhi: Weekly periods of silence.
Charles de Gaulle: Formal hierarchy combined with periodic semi-isolation.
George Marshall: A black book containing assessments of his colleagues.
Margaret Thatcher: Being better briefed than her subordinates on their specialties.
Jimmy Carter: Frequent micromanagement and absorption with detail.
Adolf Hitler: Dependent followers willing to create fantasy worlds rather than suspend belief in the leader.
Joseph Stalin: Management by terror.
Franklin D. Roosevelt: Intentional overlapping of assignments with the CEO at the hub of the organization.
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